According to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, all European languages are divided into the following six levels: A1, A2, B1, B2, C1 and C2. This Framework provides a common basis for teaching and organising material in textbooks or examinations across Europe. The Common European Framework is the basis for the design of language proficiency levels, the organisation of teaching materials for each level and, in general, the purpose and objectives of teaching for each European language taught as a foreign language.
It describes in an understandable way what the learner needs to learn in order to communicate in a foreign language and what skills will help him/her to cope with any situation, whether oral or written. It also describes the cultural environment of which the language is a part.
With the Common European Framework, each student's knowledge can be easily assessed and thus his or her progress in learning any foreign language beyond the educational system of the country where it is spoken as a mother tongue. Read more here.